On average, most men don’t tell anyone about signs or symptoms like these. No matter what, if you find a lump, tell your doctor. Most masses in the scrotum outside of the testicle, are not cancer. About 75 out of 100 men with swelling or a lump in the testicle have cancer. If you find any lump or firm part of the testicle, you should see a doctor to find out if it is a tumor. Tenderness or changes in the male breast tissue.A dull ache or pain in the testicle, scrotum or groin.Swelling of the testicle, with or without pain.A painless lump in the testicle, which is the most common sign.The symptoms of testicular cancer may be hard to notice, especially at first. The type of testicular cancer cell found, symptoms and other factors will help guide your treatment. Testicular tumors can be made of more than one type of cell. Sertoli cell tumors arise from the Sertoli cells that support normal sperm growth. Leydig cell tumors form from the Leydig cells that produce testosterone. There are also rare testicular cancers that don’t form in the germ cells. There are a few types of non-seminomas: choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma and yolk sac tumors. Non-seminoma can grow more quickly and can be less responsive to those treatments. Seminoma can grow slowly and respond very well to radiation and chemotherapy.

There are two types of germ cell cancers (GCTs). More than 90 percent of testicular cancers begin in the germ cells, which produce sperm.

Testicular cancer happens when cells in the testicle grow to form a tumor. The size of both testicles should be about the same, though one may be larger than the other. The firmness should be the same throughout. Healthy testicles have a firm, slightly spongy feel. Testosterone controls the sex drive in men and starts the growth of muscle, bone and body hair. The testicles also make male hormones like testosterone. From there, sperm moves into the vas deferens (a “tube” behind the testicles) and out the urethra when ejaculated. The testicles are two small egg-shaped glands, held in a sac below the penis (the scrotum). Carry sperm into the female reproductive tract.Make and move sperm for reproduction, and fluid to protect it (semen).Make and release male sex hormones for growth of muscle, bone, and body hair.

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